Key Performance Indicators

Department of Corrections

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Mission

We provide secure confinement, reformative programs, and a process of supervised community reintegration to enhance the safety of our communities. AS 44.28.020

Key Performance Indicators

• Target: Increase the percent of probationers and parolees who satisfy their court ordered conditions of release.

• Target: Reduce criminal recidivism.

• Target: Increase the number of individuals who complete an institutional or community-based substance abuse treatment program.

• Target: Increase the number of offenders who receive a General Education Development (GED) diploma while incarcerated.

• Target: Increase the number of sex offender probationers who complete both a sex offender management program and who receive polygraph testing while on probation.

Performance Detail

Target #1: Decrease the Number of Special Incident Reports. Methodology: Information tracked and reported through the Institution Director's Office. This information has been updated and is reported by fiscal year. Special Incident Reporting Policy and Procedure was updated and a change in the definition was applied in May 2010. The above data reflects this change in policy. Note: I/M refers to Inmate Number of Special Incident Report Level Assaults Fiscal Year I/M on I/M-High Level I/M on I/M-Lower Level I/M on I/M-Sexual I/M on Staff-Assaults YTD Total Average Daily Population FY 2018 8 16 5 14 43 4,327 FY 2017 18 19 13 11 61 4,384 FY 2016 20 21 13 11 65 4,905 FY 2015 29 15 22 7 73 5,122 FY 2014 16 59 11 5 91 5,038 Analysis of results and challenges: The department has seen a decrease in the number of Special Incident Reports as expected. During FY2018 there were a total of 43 reported incidents. This is a decrease of 18 reported Special Incident Reports from FY2017 where there were a total of 61 reported incidents. Special Incident Reports are reviewed by the new Professional Conduct Unit (PCU). This review creates a feedback loop for operational and training adjustments if necessary. Tracking and monitoring of these reports assists in identifying if the assault was a result of operational situations that lends itself to these types of offender behaviors or if the Department’s training is adequate for Correctional Officers given these types of situations.

Target #2: Maintain zero prison escapes. Methodology: Information reported through Alaska Corrections Offender Management System (ACOMS) Escape 1 and 2 Convictions Where the Offender was Located at a Correctional Facility Prior to Escaping Fiscal Year Convictions Average Daily Population Percentage of Population FY 2018 0 4,343 0.0000% FY 2017 0 4,376 0.0000% FY 2016 0 4,802 0.0000% FY 2015 0 5,111 0.0000% FY 2014 0 5,109 0.0000% Analysis of results and challenges: Escape 1 (AS 11.56.300) is defined as: “One commits the crime of escape in the first degree if, without lawful authority, one removes oneself from official detention by means of a deadly weapon or a defensive weapon.” Escape 2 (AS 11.56.310) is defined as: "One commits the crime of escape in the second degree if, without lawful authority, one removes oneself from a correctional facility while under detention; or from official detention for a felony or for extradition; or from official detention and, during the escape or at any time before being restored to official detention, or possesses on or about oneself a firearm". The counts provided are for those offenders convicted of escaping from a Department of Corrections facility and may not be reflective of the actual year the escape occurred. If an offender has not been convicted of escape the offender is not counted in the data.

Target #1: Increase the percent of probationers and parolees who satisfy their court ordered conditions of release. Methodology: Information reported through Alaska Corrections Offender Management System (ACOMS) Percentage of Probationers and Parolees Who Successfully Satisfy Court Ordered Conditions of Release Fiscal Year Offenders Discharged Successful Discharges Percentage Successful FY 2018 2.094 1,846 88.16% FY 2017 1,699 1,408 82.87% FY 2016 1,657 1,089 65.72% FY 2015 1,706 1,119 65.59% FY 2014 1,575 1,046 66.41% Analysis of results and challenges: Probationers and parolees who are unsuccessful in satisfying their court or parole ordered conditions of release are returned to incarceration, increasing the offender population and the cost of incarceration. A successful discharge improves recidivism rates, allowing for increased public safety while decreasing victimization and costs to the state. Proactively supervising probationers and parolees will enhance their successful re-entry in their community; increasing the number of successful discharges. Proactive supervision targets proven supervision methods that are known to decrease the likelihood of failure in the community or causing future harm through assessing risk to reoffend, employing motivational interviewing techniques and tailoring supervision strategies to address criminogenic needs (i.e., housing, treatment, criminal attitudes, pro-social activities, etc.). However, identifying available or limited community resources for probationers and parolees create significant challenges in areas such as housing, employment, substance abuse treatment, mental health counseling, etc.

Target #2: Reduce criminal recidivism. Methodology: Information reported through Alaska Corrections Offender Management System (ACOMS). For this purpose recidivism is defined as a convicted felon who is incarcerated as a result of a new sentence, including parole or probation adjudications within three years of release. Recidivism Rates: Due to improvements in data documentation and calculation, all recidivism rates have been updated. Offenders Returning to Incarceration Within 3 Years of Release Fiscal Year Offenders Discharged Offenders Returned Percentage Returning FY 2015 3,899 2,463 63.17% FY 2014 4,135 2,752 66.55% FY 2013 4,447 2,984 67.10% FY 2012 4,228 2,755 65.16% FY 2011 3,973 2,684 67.56% Analysis of results and challenges: The department is experiencing an increase in the recidivism rate of the offenders released from custody but still reflects a slight reduction from the FY2011 rate of 67.56%. This rate is based on the number of convicted felony offenders released back into the community and have been re-incarcerated as a result of a new sentence, or had parole, probation revocation within three years of release. The Criminal Justice Working Group formed the Alaska Prisoner Re-Entry Task Force to address reintegration of Alaskan offenders back into their communities and to reduce recidivism. The task force formulated a Five Year Strategic Re-Entry Plan approved by the governor in FY2011. The department is implementing this plan which places a stronger focus on successful prisoner re-entry. This involves providing expanded institutional and community-based services and achieving collaborative efforts between the state and community partners to increase prisoner community support such as programs, housing, jobs, etc., which assists with offender re-integration. This approach is aimed at turning former offenders into productive and law-abiding community members. The strategy is built on documented evidence shown to improve reintegration-related outcomes. Reintegration begins upon admission to prison and continues through incarceration, release, community supervision and ultimately the unsupervised and successful reintegration into the community. The State of Alaska recognizes that the successful re-entry of prisoners is a critical component of the state’s public protection and corrections mission. Failure results in a costly waste of public resources and diminished public goodwill which often means homelessness, unemployment, returning to or falling into addiction, often a new crime and a new victim, and ultimately re-incarceration. The burden of this failure has a significant impact on the state’s budget, Alaska communities, and those former offenders and their families struggling to succeed in society. The department will continue its efforts for successful prisoner reentry to reduce criminal recidivism and report new information accordingly.

Target #1: Increase the number of individuals who complete an institutional or community-based substance abuse treatment program. Methodology: Information tracked and reported through the Criminal Justice Planner for Substance Abuse Services. Number of Offenders Completing an Institutional or Community-Based Substance Abuse Treatment Program Fiscal Year Assessment / Referrals IOP RSAT Aftercare YTD Total FY 2018 913 71 34 0 1,018 FY 2017 851 283 151 129 1,414 FY 2016 2,341 438 182 271 3,232 FY 2015 1,046 601 152 301 2,100 FY 2014 583 444 135 214 1,376 Analysis of results and challenges: Analysis of results and challenges: In the middle of FY17, the statewide vendor for Substance Use Disorder (SUD) treatment provided written notice to withdraw from the contract. The Department hired short-term non-perm staff to bridge treatment services while concurrently following the RFP process to secure new contracts. Given the impact that the loss of the statewide service provider had on the Department, the Department felt it would be best to issue multiple RFP’s for services. The Department was able to secure contracts with Cook Inlet Council on Alcohol and Drug Abuse (CICADA) effective July 28th 2017 and The Salvation Army effective October 24th 2017. CICADA provides men’s residential treatment, Medication Assisted Treatment Re-entry (MATR), psycho-educational and assessment services at Wildwood Correctional Center (Kenia). The Salvation Army provides women’s residential treatment, intensive outpatient, MATR, psycho-educational, dual diagnosis treatment and assessment services at Hiland Mountain Correctional Center (Eagle River) and Goose Creek Correctional Center(Wasilla). In additional to the contracts the Department has provided additional services statewide through a fee for service model. These include MATR, psycho-educational and assessment services. In addition to these services, the Department as provided training for peer based intervention services through the Alternatives to Violence Program (AVP) and Wellness Recovery Action Plan (WRAP) services. Throughout this year the Department and it’s contractors struggled to find qualified treatment providers to deliver treatment services. Workforce development in the SUD area has been identified as a statewide challenge and priority. MATR-Vivitrol: In February 2017 (FY2017) Governor Walker issued a Disaster Declaration on Alaska’s Opioid Epidemic. As a result, the Department immediately started a Medication Assisted Treatment- Reentry (MATR) pilot program to provide extended release injectable naltrexone (Vivitrol) to highly motivated offenders who are nearing release. The purpose of the Vivitrol injection is to reduce cravings for and block the effects of ingested opioids. The MATR program includes Screening and Brief Intervention (SBIRT) along with education pertaining to medication-assisted treatment to offenders who are interested. This program also includes coordination of care to a community provider for follow up injections and counseling post release. In FY2018, services continued at Anchorage Correctional Complex(Anchorage), Hiland Mountain Correctional (Eagle River), and Fairbanks Correctional Center (Fairbanks)with the addition of Goose Creek Correctional Center(Wasilla), Wildwood Correctional Center(Kenai) and Anvil Mountain Correctional Center(Nome). The department allows open access to this program to both sentenced and un-sentenced offenders. In FY18 the program provided 114 injections to individuals re-entering the community. In addition to the Vivitrol programs, the Department expanded it’s Methadone bridging services by partnering with 3 Opioid Treatment Programs in the Anchorage bowl and MATSU Valley. These services provide bridging of Methadone for up to 30 days to minimize any break in treatment for those individuals incarcerated for short periods of time. These services are available at Anchorage Correctional Complex(Anchorage), Hiland Mountain Correctional (Eagle River) and Goose Creek Correctional Center(Wasilla). Screening: DOC uses the Simple Screening Instrument for Substance Abuse (SSI), a screening tool developed through the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. In FY2016, After the contract ended, the Department provided limited screening services for the majority of the fiscal year at Anchorage Correctional, Anvil Mountain Correctional (Nome), Fairbanks Correctional, Goose Creek Correctional (Wasilla), Hiland Mountain Correctional (Eagle River),Yukon Kuskokwim (Bethel) and Wildwood Correctional Center. Assessment: Offenders receive a substance use disorder assessment to assess for their addiction related issues and determine the most appropriate level of care/intensity of service to best address their issues. Each assessment includes the nature and extent of an offender’s drug problems; establishes whether problems exist in other areas that may affect recovery, helps form an appropriate treatment plan; and uses American Society of Addictions Medicine (ASAM) criteria and DSM 5 to determine the level of care placement. Starting FY2016, assessment services were expanded to all DOC facilities (exception Ketchikan Correctional Center) and to all the DOC community programs (located in Anchorage, Palmer, Fairbanks, Kenai, and Juneau). In FY18, ADOC used a combination of Department employees, contractors and local community providers on a fee for service basis to provide assessments at Anchorage Correctional, Anvil Mountain Correctional (Nome), Goose Creek Correctional (Wasilla), Hiland Mountain Correctional (Eagle River), Wildwood Correctional (Kenai), and Spring Creek Correctional (Seward), Fairbanks Correctional, Lemon Creek Correctional (Juneau), and Yukon Kuskokwim Correctional (Bethel). Institutional Residential Substance Abuse Treatment (RSAT) Level 3.5: Residential treatment services use a modified therapeutic community (MTC) model of treatment. MTC’s use a combination of counseling, group therapy, and peer activities to promote multi-dimensional change of the whole person including drug abstinence, elimination of antisocial behavior, and the development of prosocial behavior, attitudes and values. Studies find that MTC participants show improvements in substance use, criminal behavior and mental health symptoms. Additionally, they provide a cost effective way to decrease substance use and improve public safety. ADOC has focused on providing two RSATs, one male program and one female program for a total of three locations. Starting in FY16 the programs began using gender specific evidence based curriculum. The male program uses New Directions and Living in Balance for their curriculum. The female program uses Moving On and Criminal Conduct and Substance Abuse Treatment. Both male and female RSATs are about six months long and require 25 hours of group per week plus individual sessions. In FY18 RSAT services were provided at Spring Creek Correctional (Seward), Hiland Mountain Correctional (Eagle River) by non-permanent employees until the implementation of current contracts. RSAT services continued for females at Hiland Mountain Correctional (Eagle River) and services for males was transferred to Wildwood Correctional (Kenai). Intensive Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment (IOPSAT) Level 2.1: IOPSAT provides a planned regimen of treatment, consisting of regularly scheduled sessions within a structured program that uses evidenced based interventions. Within the AKDOC, IOPSATs are about 15 weeks long and individuals are provided 15 hours of group per week plus individual sessions. The female IOPSAT program uses gender specific curriculum, Criminal Conduct and Substance Abuse Treatment. The male program uses New Directions and Living in Balance. In FY18 IOPSAT services were provided by a combination of DOC long term non-permanent employees and contract staff. IOPSAT is provided at Goose Creek Correctional(Wasilla) and Hiland Mountain Correctional(Eagle River). Dual Diagnosis Intensive Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment (IOPSAT-DD) Level 2.1: In addition to standard IOPSAT programming, there are two Dual Diagnosis IOPSAT programs; one for males and one for females. Dual diagnosis (DD) is when the offender has a mental health and substance use disorder diagnosis. This program uses the Hazelden New Direction Curriculum to include the dual diagnosis module and workbook. This program is 19 weeks in duration and includes both group and individual counseling sessions. In FY18 Dual Diagnosis services were provided by a combination of DOC long term non-permanent employees and contract staff. IOPSAT is provided at Goose Creek Correctional(Wasilla) and Hiland Mountain Correctional(Eagle River). Psychoeducational Substance Abuse Services: PsychEd is a program which explores and addresses any problems or risk factors that appear to be related to use of alcohol, tobacco, and/ or other drugs and addictive behaviors and helps the individual to recognize the harmful consequences of high-risk use or behavior. The target population is the un-sentenced offender who has screened as potentially having an alcohol or drug problem. PsychEd meets twice a week for 1.5 hours for six weeks and uses Hazelden’s evidence based Living in Balance curriculum. In FY18 psychoeducational services were provided through a combination of DOC staff, contract staff and fee for service providers at Yukon Kuskokwim (Bethel), Anvil Mountain (Nome), Goose Creek(Wasilla), Hiland Mountain (Eagle River), and Anchorage Correctional Complex(Anchorage). Peer Based Intervention Services: In FY18, the Department formalized training for peer mentors working within SUD services. The Department provided peer based intervention services utilizing the following models: Alternatives to Violence Program (AVP) and Wellness Recovery Action Plan (WRAP) services. These services were offered to individuals participating in SUD treatment and for those individuals residing in the Departments sober living units at Spring Creek Correctional Center and Goose Creek Correctional Center. The Alternatives to Violence Program, (AVP) was developed in 1975 for inmates in New York. It is a nationally recognized volunteer based program and offers experiential workshops in which personal growth, community development and creative conflict management are highlighted. AVP addresses several criminogenic factors to decrease violence and increase inmates’ abilities to manage conflict effectively and non-aggressively. Since substance use and violence are correlated, inmates with substance use disorders (SUD) participating in SUD treatment are identified as the population for AVP. The AVP training is provided by Hands of Peace a community volunteer based organization. Hands of Peace offers three day long AVP basic workshops, advanced workshops, and facilitator workshops. DOC piloted the AVP with Hands of Peace in March 2017 at Wildwood Correctional Center (WCC). Due to the overwhelming positive success and reception of program, Hands of Peace entered a contract with DOC in March 2018. In FY18, AVP was offered five times at WCC and twice at SCCC, with a total of 116 inmates have attended workshops. In June 2017, ten inmates completed the training to become AVP facilitators. The Wellness Recovery Action Plan (WRAP) is a self-designed prevention and wellness process that anyone can use to get well, stay well and make their life the way they want it to be. It was developed in 1997 by a group of people who were searching for ways to overcome their own mental health issues and move on to fulfilling their life dreams and goals. It is now used extensively by people in all kinds of circumstances, and by health care and mental health systems all over the world to address all kinds of physical, mental health, substance use disorder and life issues. WRAP has been studied extensively in rigorous research projects and is listed in the National Registry of Evidence-based Programs and Practices. WRAP focuses on helping individuals: • Develop a list of things to do every day to stay as well as possible • Identify upsetting events, early warning signs and signs that things have gotten much worse and, using wellness tools, develop action plans for responding at these times • Create a crisis plan • Create a post-crisis plan In addition to WRAP services the Department has also offered peer based facilitator training. In FY18, WRAP was offered three times serving a total of 36 individuals.

Target #2: Increase the number of offenders who receive a General Education Development (GED) diploma while incarcerated. Methodology: Information tracked and reported through the Offender Program Manager. Number of Offenders Who Receive General Education Development While Incarcerated Fiscal Year Total % Change FY 2018 107 -5% FY 2017 112 14% FY 2016 98 426% FY 2015 23 -85% FY 2014 156 -27% FY 2013 216 -14% FY 2012 251 -1.2% FY 2011 254 2.8% FY 2010 247 3.4% Analysis of results and challenges: The Department of Corrections had a very slight decrease in the number of offenders earning their General Education Development (GED) while incarcerated during FY2018. Anvil Mountain and Ketchikan Correctional Centers did not participate in the total GED numbers for the department. DOC is the 3rd largest contributor of successful adult GED completions in the state of Alaska. There was an expected increase in offenders preparing for their GED since the agency increased its tutoring and prioritized its Administration of the GED Ready Test’s. Increasing the Administration of GED Ready Tests enhanced the offenders’ abilities to familiarize while navigating 7 different computer item types. 1. Extended response 2. Drag-and-drop 3. Drop-down 4. Fill in the Blank 5. Hot Spot 6. Multiple Choices 7. Short Answer Students also have to attend computer lab training in order to meet the benchmark typing skill of 40 words a minute in preparation to the timed GED tests. Each institution provides offenders with education coordinators and the necessary materials to study for and complete the GED computer testing process. Offenders have the opportunity to obtain a GED diploma, however, in most cases this program is voluntary and/or the time an offender has to serve may be insufficient to complete all four tests impacting the offender participation while incarcerated. However, the efficiency of the computer testing has allowed a better feedback and follow-up data collection system for offenders that do not complete all four GED tests while incarcerated. This capability has fostered greater state wide collaboration with regional testing sites to continue and complete the returning citizens GED testing. The Department of Corrections is expected to increase the number of GED diplomas for FY 2019.

Target #3: Increase the number of sex offender probationers who complete both a sex offender management program and who receive polygraph testing while on probation. Methodology: Information tracked and reported through the Offender Program Manager Number of Polygraphed Sex Offender Probationers Fiscal Year YTD Total FY 2018 526 FY 2017 475 FY 2016 477 FY 2015 494 FY 2014 454 FY 2013 442 FY 2012 421 FY 2011 454 Analysis of results and challenges: During the FY 2018, the use of the polygraph examinations was conducted statewide in all Probation &Parole Offices that supervise sex offenders as well as two prison treatment programs. A total of 526 convicted sex offenders on community supervision and institutional sex offender treatment participated in a total of 860 polygraph exams. Of the 526 sex offenders on community supervision who participated in the sex offender management program, six (6) offenders were arrested and charged with new felony sexual charges. One (1) offender was arrested and charged with a new misdemeanor sexual charge. Eight (8) have new non-sexual felony charges. Forty-five (45) other offenders were charged/or convicted of a new misdemeanor offenses with charges ranging from driving offenses, domestic violence, driving under the influence and drug offenses. In addition, there were also 271 petitions to revoke probation filed against participants in the program involving underlying sexual breaches (near minors, viewing pornography, etc.) and general condition violations of probation/parole. This data indicates the success of this program in assisting probation officers with intervening prior to the commission of a new sexual offense and ensuring public safety. As it is for many community-based programs and services, Alaska’s geography and identification of qualified providers will continue to be a major challenge in statewide program operations.

Current as of May 20, 2019